Unity and Coherence
Unity
·
Just one idea in one paragraph.
·
Topic sentence would show that idea (main
idea).
·
Supporting sentences should be related to the main
idea.
·
Supporting sentences should explain/ prove the
main idea.
·
Example of unity
o
English Essay is considered to be one of the most
difficult subjects of CSS. Every year, dreams of most of the aspirants shatter
due to failure in this subject. Unseen, unusual, and unpredictable selection of
topics by Federal Public Service Commission makes the examination difficult for
candidates. After going through these topics, students become nervous just in
the start of examination. This nervousness makes their brain stop working. They
are unable to recall details of the topic. Meanwhile, time passes and the
pressure of time management also haunts the candidate. As a result, he remains
unable to focus on the topic: he makes a lot of mistakes and sometimes cannot
even complete the essay. Resultantly, he fails the examination.
·
Look at the topic, its key terms and answer the
following question: Which of the points will not be included the paragraph?
o
Topic – Covid-19 and the environment.
§ Less
pollution.
§ Chances
of rapid increase in population.
§ Increase
in price of masks.
§ Decrease
in traffic on roads.
o
Answer – Increase in price of masks.
·
Write down three sentences to develop the
following topic sentence:
o
Modern technology has made teaching easier.
o
---
o
---
o
---
Coherence
·
Flow of the paragraph while moving from one
sentence to the other.
·
Makes a paragraph easy to read and understand.
·
Each supporting sentence develops the main
idea.
·
Two ways to achieve:
o
Chronological order
§ Related
to time.
§ In the
order of occurrence.
§ Useful
for historical events, and explaining procedures etc.
§ Example
1 – The history of computers
·
The first generation of computers which used
vacuum tubes, came out in 1950. Univac is an example of these computers which
could perform thousands of calculations per second. In 1960, second generation
of computers was developed and these could perform work ten times faster than
their predecessor. Second generation computers were smaller, faster, and more
dependable than first generation computers. The third generation computers
appeared on the market in 1965.
§ Example
2 – Making Carrot Pudding
·
If you want to cook something that is delicious
and quick to make, try this recipe for carrot pudding. First, scrape the
carrots (1 kilogram) and then grate them. Boil milk (1 liter) and add the
grated carrots. Let them boil. Add one cup of sugar. Next, beat one egg
thoroughly; pour the beaten egg into the boiling milk and carrots. Stir the
mixture. Add two table spoons of finely grated coconut and mix it well. Cook
till the mixture becomes thick. Turn off the gas. When the mixture cools, pour
it into a dish.
o
Order of importance
§ From
most important to least important OR
§ From
least important to most important.
§ Example
– Disputes between Pakistan and India
·
The history of disputes between Pakistan and
India dates back to the division of sub-continent that happened in August 1947.
One of the most important disputes is Kashmir dispute. Kashmir being a Muslim
majority area had to become a part of Pakistan, but India occupied most of its
territory. Since that occupation, India has killed millions of innocent Muslim
Kashmiris. Another critical issue between the two countries is water dispute:
India is deviating water of rivers from their way towards Pakistan. Indus water
treaty was meant to solve this dispute, but India is constantly violating it. Apart
from that, terrorism has also become an issue between both the countries.
Indian secret agencies have been involved in committing heinous crimes, like
bomb blasts, in Pakistan.
Use
of Transitional words in supporting sentences
·
Just like traffic signals that tell readers the
direction they have to take.
·
Same route – Moreover, furthermore etc.
·
Opposite direction – On the other hand,
however, in contrast, etc.
·
Examples – for instance etc.
·
Example of a sentence without transitional
words
o
Students who come to college from high school
find that at first they have a few problems. Their college is usually much
bigger than their high school. The new first year student often does not know
any of the students of higher classes. These students are not always friendly
to him. They play tricks on him or tease him. Before, he was one of the biggest
students in his school; now he is one of the smallest. Another problem is that
he no longer has his classroom. He has to go to a different classroom for every
subject. The unfortunate student has to carry all his things with him. He is
not used to this. Our first year student does not have a class teacher either.
Instead of one teacher whom he knows well, he has six or seven teachers whom he
hardly knows at all. The boy or girl starting college often finds it rather
strange at first.
·
Example of a sentence with transitional words
Comments
Post a Comment